Method, system, and computer readable medium for gathering usage statistics

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure enables remote device management. A programmatic interface is associated with each application plug-in. A web server included with the on-device agent provides access to the programmatic interfaces according to open standards such as HTML or XML. The present disclosure enables access to remote devices through existing infrastructure without the need for proprietary systems. An IT administrator or other administrator may remotely access and update software and hardware, track device data plan usage statistics, provide live support, and track current and historical device locations. The phone and messaging feature enables an administrator to access information regarding data plan and usage statistics of devices. This allows organizations to optimize data plans based on messaging, e-mail, and other data plan statistics. Further, the present disclosure allows access to network connectivity details of devices and logs of emails, text messages, and the like.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This applications claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/301,124, filed Feb. 3, 2010, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to device management. More specifically,the present disclosure relates to remote device management through acentral platform.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

The successful deployment and management of mobile or remote devicespresents one of the greatest challenges for enterprises andorganizations in today's high-tech world. Typically, remote devicesenable organizations to be faster, smarter, and more efficient. However,the management and deployment of remote devices creates uniquechallenges for IT departments. Unlike personal computers (PCs), laptops,and severs, remote devices do not connect to a company's secure networkand could be located anywhere. This creates issues for tracking,monitoring, provisioning, and troubleshooting remote devices.

Often times, wireless wide-area networks (WWAN), Wi-Fi, and othernetworks mask remote device IP addresses, rendering the remote deviceunreachable from an outside IP connection. A method and system forestablishing a reliable connection between a remote device and outsidesource may be needed since automated software and other updates may becritical for enterprises. Other needs may also require a reliableconnection. For example, as more workers rely on remote devices formission-critical tasks, it may be important to reliably track thosedevices in case of loss or theft. Unreliable connections may hinderautomatic updates to remote devices and make other management tasksdifficult.

Although some known remote device management systems offer limitedremote device management capabilities, they typically do not allowcustomizable solutions offering a depth of functionality in an openarchitecture. Instead, known remote device management solutions rely onproprietary protocols for a broad range of devices. Thus, these systemsrequire proprietary management infrastructure and consoles foroperation. In addition, since the proprietary protocol must work with abroad range of devices, the functionality derived from the protocol maynot enable a depth of management features.

Several common issues arise when managing remote devices. First, ITadministrators may be called on to remotely troubleshoot devices.Without access to device files and settings, this may prove challenging.Other common challenges with remote deployments include how to (a)identify and catalog all deployed devices (b) gather detailed deviceasset information; (c) monitor device health and status; (d) distributeapplications and updates (e) manage device configuration and settings;(f) secure devices to protect sensitive data; (g) reduce the time toresolve help desk tickets; (h) troubleshoot and fix problems remotely;(i) diagnose networking or wireless connectivity issues; (j) assistend-users with operating device applications; (k) track and optimizemobile device data plans; and (l) track mobile device locations.

Because known remote device management solutions rely on proprietaryprotocols, they typically do not offer these services. Rather, theyfocus on a shallow area of functionality for a wide variety ofenterprises. Further, by relying on proprietary protocols, known remotedevice management systems may not be customizable.

In addition, users may call on IT department or other supportprofessionals to remotely troubleshoot their remote devices. Becausemost remote device management systems operate in conjunction withautomated servers rather than through other interactive methods,troubleshooting remote devices becomes a complicated task. Further, byrelying on automated servers or other large data centers, known remotemanagement solutions may not be extensible for different applications.

In today's modern world security also becomes a concern when managingremote devices. Implementation of customizable security features may bedifficult with proprietary protocols and infrastructure.

SUMMARY

Therefore a need has arisen for a remote device management solutionwhich enables customizable and extensible solutions for remote devicemanagement.

A further need exists for establishing a reliable connection between theremote device and the management console, server, or workstation even incases when the IP address of the remote device is masked or unreachable.

A further need exists for ensuring a secure connection with the remotedevice and the management console, server, or workstation.

A further need exists for an interactive solution for troubleshootingremote devices remotely.

In accordance with the disclosed subject matter, an open standards-basedremote device management system is provided that substantially reducesor eliminates problems associated with previously developed remotedevice management solutions.

The present disclosure enables customizable solutions for devicemanagement through the use of an open architecture based on openinternet standards including, but not limited to, HTTP/S, HTML,eXtensible Markup Language (XML), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP),and Web Services Description Language (WSDL). An on-device service host(also known as an on-device agent) having application plug-ins, a webserver, and security features enables remote device management.

A central management system may remotely execute the applicationplug-ins, which are encoded on the remote device as dynamically linkedlibrary (DLL) files or other executable files. Each of the plug-insprovides different functionality and has its own library of methodswhich may be remotely invoked. The web server included with the servicehost provides a Secure Socket Layer (SSL) server and SOAP server andprovides access to the plug-ins. The web server makes the plug-insavailable as WSDL documents for servers or other management consoles andalso as HTML web pages for access through a workstation or othermanagement station. The SSL server enable two-way authentication betweenthe remote device and a central server, ensuring security.

In one embodiment, a tunnel client on the device works in conjunctionwith a remote tunnel server to provide access to the service host whenthe remote device has an unreachable IP address.

A technical advantage of the present disclosure enables organizations todevelop customizable and extensible device management applicationstailored to their unique needs.

Another technical advantage of the present disclosure allows ITadministrators or other support professionals to remotely operate aremote device as if actually holding the device in their hands.

In another technical advantage, the present disclosure enables areliable connection through the tunnel client/server feature and enablesa secure two-way authentication through the SSL server.

The teachings of the present disclosure may be tailored to manydifferent types of remote device. By way of illustration and notlimitation, these may include Windows Mobile devices, Windows CEdevices, Android devices, BlackBerry devices, iOS-based devices,smartphones of all kinds and regular phones, and all manner of embeddedmobile or non-mobile devices. All references to specifically namedcomponents, functions, and methods are exemplary rather than limiting.

Other aspects and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from thefollowing description and the appended claims.

DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the disclosed subject matter andadvantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptiontaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which likereference numbers indicate like features and wherein:

FIG. 1 presents a high level diagram illustrating the internet protocolsthat may be used to expose the device management functionalities of theon-device remote device management architecture;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of on-device remote devicemanagement architecture integrated with Microsoft System Center MobileDevice Manager 2008 as XML web services;

FIG. 3 provides a pictorial view of the service host architecture;

FIG. 4 provides a pictorial view emphasizing the internal architectureof the plug-in services;

FIG. 5 gives an exemplary web page exposing plug-ins deployed on theremote device;

FIGS. 6A through 10 provide screenshots exposing the device managementcapabilities of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11A provides a process flow for automatically provisioning remotedevices with software or settings;

FIG. 11B provides another process flow for automatically provisioningremote devices with software or settings;

FIG. 11C provides a high level manifest structure;

FIG. 11D provides a process flow for creating a custom software package;

FIG. 11E provides an example of how different software packages may beautomatically provisioned to different device types;

FIG. 12 shows a key mapping file implemented to enable live support;

FIG. 13A shows a screen capture of a remote device;

FIG. 13B shows an embodiment of the capability for an administrator toremotely control a device;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart depicting a multi-stage security functionalityimplemented on the service host;

FIG. 15 is a flow chart depicting a multi-stage security functionalityimplemented on the service host with password enrollment;

FIG. 16 is a screenshot of a management console for an agentlessembodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Exemplary embodiments of the disclosed subject matter are illustrated inthe FIGURES, like numerals being used to refer to like and correspondingparts of the various drawings.

The disclosed subject matter relates to IT management systems. Featuresof the disclosed subject matter include the ability to manage,provision, monitor, and troubleshoot remote devices. Further, thepresent disclosure enables tracking the usage statistics and location ofremote devices.

One aspect of the present disclosure involves positional tracking ofmobile devices. Most mobile devices contain a GPS receiver that allowsthe software of the present disclosure to access physical location datawith a high degree of accuracy. Even devices that do not contain GPShardware may be located, (generally with less precision) bytriangulation based on cellular towers. By tracking the location ofmobile devices, an administrator may realize many benefits. For example,it may be discovered that an employee has been somewhere he was notauthorized to be, or that he has left work during work hours. For ashipping company, for example, it may also be useful to track historicalrecords of how long various routes to a destination take in order tooptimize efficiency. Detailed information about the status of the GPStracker may also be collected and logged, such as satellite informationand dilution of precision.

Further, if a user loses his device, an administrator may be able tolocate it for him. And if the device is not recoverable, it may beremotely locked and wiped to avoid the possibility of an informationleak. If the device happens to be offline when the administrator triesto lock and/or wipe it, the system of the present disclosure may simplyqueue the lock/wipe request and wait until the device reestablishes aconnection. Once the device connects, it may immediately be locked toprevent any further access.

The present disclosure enables customizable solutions for devicemanagement through the use of an open architecture based on openInternet standards including, but not limited to, HTTP/S, HTML,eXtensible Markup Language (XML), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP),and Web Services Description Language (WSDL). An on-device service hosthaving application plug-ins, a web server, and security features enableremote device management; in some embodiments, the on-device servicehost may be omitted.

The disclosed subject matter allows for an inventory of remote devicesand provisioning of software on the devices. The present disclosureallows access to data on remote devices and the ability to manipulatethe data. In one embodiment, the management system may not onlyprovision devices with software, but also modify device settings. Inanother embodiment, the management system of the present disclosureprovides features for remotely operating a remote device. In anotherembodiment, the management system of the present disclosure allowsapplications to be automatically downloaded to the device and updates tobe applied to device software. Other aspects of the present disclosurewill become more apparent from the following description and FIGURES.

Much of the examples and discussions of the present disclosure willcontinue with respect to Windows-based remote devices. However, theteachings of the present disclosure may be extended to other systemssuch as those manufactured by Symantec and other operating systemsincluding, but not limited to, Linux, Unix, and OS X.

For the purposes of the present disclosure, a “remote device” or a“mobile device” may be used interchangeably to refer to any handhelddevice having an IP-based internet connection including, but not limitedto, cell phones, smartphones, or personal digital assistants (PDAs), aswell as to any remote embedded device having an IP-based internetconnection including, but not limited to, vending machines, kiosks,price checkers, and the like. It will be clear to one of ordinary skillthat many of the plug-ins of the present disclosure will be applicableto only certain devices, but the modular nature allows a user to installonly the features desired, while the device agent software can workunmodified or essentially unmodified across all devices within a class.

FIG. 1 presents a high-level diagram illustrating the internet protocolsthat the present disclosure employs to expose the device managementfunctionalities of on-device remote device management architecture 100.Remote device 102 is encoded with on-device agent 104. On-device agent104 includes service host 106 and tunnel client 108. Device managementarchitecture 100 offers management functionalities over any IP-basedwired or wireless network 110. On-device agent 104 provides devicemanagement functionalities as web services across standard internetprotocols to central management systems such as, but not limited to,personal computers (PCs) 112, existing enterprise device managementinfrastructures including device management consoles 114, and devicemanagement servers 116.

The reader will note that tunnel client 108 may not be necessary for theoperations of management architecture 100, but provides a reliableconnection in those cases where the IP address of remote device 102 ismasked or otherwise unreachable. Tunnel client 108 operates to create apersistent connection to device management servers 116. This isadvantageous compared to having device management servers 116 initiatethe connection, because remote device 102 may be behind a firewall orNAT device and thus unreachable; further, this implementation preventsthe possibility of denial-of-service attacks against remote device 102,since remote device 102 need not be configured to accept incomingconnections.

In an exemplary embodiment, PC 112 may access device managementfunctionalities from a web browser interface and perform devicemanagement activities such as interactive troubleshooting, correctiveaction, and remote control from customizable HTML web pages. Otheroperations such as device provisioning may also be performed throughcustomizable HTML web pages.

The same functionalities are offered as XML web services to any existingdevice management console 114 or device management server 116 that maycall XML web services. Functionalities relating to device resourcereporting, such as device identity information (e.g., IP address, uniquedevice ID, phone number) and the logging of devise assets are offered toany device management server 116 that may call XML web services.

Service host 106 provides both of these types of interface so that itsfunctionalities may be exposed in a visual way to a remote operator, aswell as in a programmatic way. Thus, management console extensions maybe written to access and modify device data via the XML web servicesAPI, and then present whatever interface is desired to the user ofdevice management console 114.

The open Internet standards of service host 106 may employ protocolssuch as, but not limited to, HTTP/S, HTML, XML, SOAP, and WSDL toprovide remote mobile device management capabilities to a centralmanagement system through an IP-based wired or wireless network.IP-based wired or wireless network 110 may include, but is not limitedto, a wireless wide area network (WWAN), wireless local area network(WLAN), dial-up, Wi-Fi, cradle and satellite connections.

By employing an open architecture for device management through openinternet standards, the present disclosure allows management of remotedevices without the need for proprietary management systems. Consoleextensions enable existing infrastructure such as device managementconsole 114 and device management server 116 to work in conjunction withservice host 106. This allows console 114 and server 116 to remotely andautomatically manage and operate remote device 102.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment 200 of on-device remotedevice management architecture integrated with Microsoft System CenterMobile Device Manager 2008 as XML web services. Other remote devicemanagement systems such as, but not limited to, Microsoft System CenterConfiguration Manager 2007 and Microsoft Systems Management Server 2003may also be employed when managing remote devices. Console extensionsallow service host 222 to communicate with existing infrastructure.

Microsoft Corporation offers a web services environment for programmingknown as the “.NET environment.” As noted earlier, the presentdisclosure is not limited to Windows based remote devices or managementsystems, but the open internet standards-based remote device managementsystem of the present disclosure may be used in conjunction with anyoperating system or management system. Other environments capable ofdeveloping web services based applications through open internetstandards may also be used in conjunction with the present disclosure.

Remote device 218 has been encoded with the on-device remote devicemanagement architecture comprising tunnel client 220 and service host222.

Tunnel client 220 communicates with associated tunnel server 204 viaHTTPS. In some cases, tunnel client 220 may not be necessary for use inconjunction with service host 222. For example, if remote device 218'sIP address is reachable, the system of the present disclosure mayoperate without tunnel client 220.

Tunnel client 220 provides a continuous tunnel header capable of beingrecognized by tunnel server 204 and creating a communications tunnelthrough which communication to service host 222 is provided.

In cases where remote device 218's IP address becomes translated orunreachable for some other reason, tunnel client 220 works inconjunction with tunnel server 204 to establish a connection foraccessing service host 222. For example, in the case of Wi-Fi networks,switches or routers along the network may mask the individual remotedevice IP address through network address translation (NAT) orotherwise, rendering the device unreachable. In the case of interactiveoperations such as querying, sending files, or re-setting remote device218, tunnel client 220 ensures a connection from device console 202 toservice host 222.

To ensure a reliable connection, tunnel client 220 initiates an up-bound“keep alive” connection with tunnel server 204. Tunnel server 204 thushas access to remote device 218 through the service point or namedtunnel. Device console 202 may then access service host 222 throughtunnel server 204 and the named tunnel.

Typically, a unique device attribute such as phone number or the uniquedevice ID drives the name of the tunnel. Thus, the named tunnel does notchange even after an intermittent loss in connection. If an intermittentloss in connection does occur, tunnel client 220 accepts the loss andthen reconnects to tunnel server 204. In one embodiment, tunnel client220 establishes connections with tunnel server 204 based on a re-trycycle once a connection is lost.

Tunnel server 204 further may intelligently handle requests from deviceconsole 202 or another management system. Once tunnel server 204receives a request from console device 202 for remote device 218, tunnelserver 204 looks for the named tunnel to remote device 218. If noneexists, tunnel server 204 may hold the request until tunnel client 220initiates a “keep alive” connection with tunnel server 204. Typically,tunnel server 204 holds the request at least as long as the re-try cyclefor connections. Once the correct tunnel has been established andidentified, tunnel server 204 passes the connection to device console202 and the end-to-end connection is established.

In one embodiment, the tunnel server and tunnel client use a secureHTTPS tunnel that uses two-way SSL certificate-based authentication toprovide a custom connection gateway from mobile devices to a site. Thetunnel client establishes and maintains a secure, mutuallyauthenticated, 128-bit SSL connection with the tunnel server-sidecomponents.

Device management functionalities may be offered as a visual HTMLinterface as well as an XML web services interface to integrate with anexisting management infrastructure. A visual HTML interface may beparticularly useful for, for example, remotely controlling remote device218 and viewing whatever is being shown on its screen. The web servicesinterface may be more advantageous for providing programmatic access tothe device properties, file system, settings, and other attributes. Forexample, a console extension running on device console 202 may provide afile explorer that looks and feels like a native application underwhatever operating system runs on device console 202 and displays thefile system information returned vie the web services API. Externalfirewall 216 and internal firewall 212 provide firewall and securityfeatures. Gateway server 214 allows access through a virtual privatenetwork (VPN). Existing enterprise management framework, comprisingdevice management server 208, database server 206, and enrollment server210, provides support for XML web services (SOAP) so that the XML webservices may be presented as integrated programmatic interface 203 ondevice console 202.

FIG. 3 provides an illustrative representation of the architecture ofservice host 300. Service host 300 provides remote device managementfunctionalities through programmatic interfaces accessible according tostandard Internet protocols and is installed on a remote device. Servicehost 300 hosts a plurality of modular application plug-ins 308 providingan array of device management functionalities. Plug-ins 308 may exist asdynamically linked libraries (DLLs) or other executable code files onthe remote device. Plug-ins 308 may be provided in packages of relatedfunctionalities known as “feature packs,” according to the needs of aparticular user; they may also be augmented with other plug-ins afterinitial installation.

Web server 304 provides access to device management functionalitiesthrough open Internet standards. Web server 304 may serve both web pagesand XML service calls, and it may include Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP) and Secure Socket Layer (SSL) servers. The SSL server may providea secure two-way authentication between a client and a server or asecure one-way authentication from a server to a client.

On-device web server 304 handles web page requests. Remote devicemanagement features are exposed to calling clients as XML web services302 and/or web pages 310. Security component 306 provides securityfeatures such as protection from unauthorized calls.

XML web services 302 handle requests to plug-ins 308 by transmitting andprocessing WSDL documents. Plug-ins 308 may be remotely accessed bydesktops, consoles, or other management stations through remoteprocedure calls (RPCs). Typically, but not necessarily, the RPC relieson XML as the message format and is transmitted via an applicationslayer protocol such as HTTP.

The following describes the functionalities and methods of plug-ins 308provided by service host 300 in the exemplary embodiment. However, themodular and open architecture of the present disclosure allows for anunlimited number and any combination of device management plug-insdesired to perform comprehensive remote device management. Additionally,although these functionalities are described as available according toXML web services, the same operations may be performed according toother programmatic interfaces such as, but not limited to, HTML webpages.

WSDL documents 302 provide information necessary to remotely executeplug-ins 308. WSDL documents 302 include information about the locationof plug-ins 308 and what information is needed to run plug-ins 308. WSDLdocuments 302 may further include other information such as the businesshosting plug-in 308, the kind of service, associated keywords, and otherinformation about plug-in 308. Through the use of WSDL documents 302,plug-ins 308 may be platform independent, distributed, and secure.

WSDL documents 302 allow plug-ins 308 to be automatically executedwithout human intervention. Thus, a management server or managementconsole sends a SOAP request to automatically execute plug-ins 308. WSDLdocument 302 then parses the information, making sure the SOAP requestincludes the required information. WSDL document 302 then sends theappropriate information to the appropriate plug-in 308.

The SOAP request may include, but is not limited to, a one-wayoperation, request-response operation, solicit response operation, ornotification operation. Typically, the SOAP request includes an XMLdefinition of the request and required information to execute plug-ins308 and an RPC or HTTP definition for message transmission.

In cases where a developer independently creates applications employingplug-ins 308, the message transmission information may be automaticallycreated by the development environment.

In one embodiment, ViaXML2 communicates with web server 304. ViaXML2 isa high performance XML web services engine and remote applicationdevelopment framework. ViaXML2 implements a private UniversalDescription, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) registry that containsservice descriptions of the particular services offered. The UDDIregistry includes information such as information about the web servicesoffered and details about the service host 300.

The UDDI registry may be unnecessary in some embodiments. The servicedescription could be found from other sources including, but not limitedto, an FTP site, a web site, or a local file.

A user searches the UDDI registry for a service description of the webservice offered. The user then sends a SOAP request to service host 300.The SOAP request then binds to the appropriate WSDL document 302 whichprovides the necessary information to plug-ins 308. Plug-in 308 executesthe requested operation and may send appropriate information back to theuser in XML or another format.

In this scenario the user may be a person invoking plug-ins 308 througha web browser, a program automatically run on a server or console, oranother web service.

Service host 300 may also host web pages 310 wherein a user may remotelyexecute plug-ins 308. This embodiment employs HTTP/S and HTML as themessage formats.

Thus, the present disclosure employs open internet standards such asHTTP/S, HTML, SOAP, WSDL, and XML, enabling remote executions ofplug-ins 308. As mentioned earlier, the modular nature of plug-ins 308allows plug-ins to be updated and new plug-ins to be deployed on servicehost 300. Independent developers may further build applications to takeadvantage of the functionality offered by plug-ins 308, allowingcustomizable features designed for the unique needs of their ownorganizations.

FIG. 4 provides pictorial view 350 emphasizing the internal architectureof the plug-in services file system 356, registry 358, networking 360,and system 362, etc. Service host 352 houses security protocols 364,configuration protocols 366, web server 368, and a plurality of plug-inservices 354.

Registry 358 provides access and management of the Windows registry onsupporting devices. Options include opening, searching for and creatingregistry keys, importing and exporting registry files, creating registryvalues, copying, renaming, deleting, and setting registry values. Forexample, access to HKEY_USERS and other standard registry entries isenabled.

Web server 368 is both an HTTP server and SOAP server. Thus web server368 provides access to plug-in services 354 as web pages by utilizing anHTML template processor to present the HTML interface for each plug-inservice across HTTP protocols. Web server 368 may also include TSL/SSLcryptographic security measures to ensure only validated users mayaccess plug-in services 354. Each plug-in service may be accessed by itsHTML interface or by its SOAP RPC Interface (according to a SOAP clienthoused within the plug-in service which processes the web servicesrequest).

In one embodiment, the present disclosure may include a componentoperable to restrict user activity on a mobile device to a set ofauthorized programs and configurations. This AppCenter componentreplaces the graphical user interface of a device with a secure launchscreen that displays only approved programs and options. Anyunauthorized program that attempts to start (either automatically or byuser control) is immediately terminated.

AppCenter is intended for use on remote devices where only specificprograms are allowed to be used. It can be configured to lock users outof critical and sensitive areas of the device. For example, it may beuseful in a kiosk application where the user can only run a specifiedinformation application. The application may be auto-started wheneverthe kiosk hardware is rebooted or the application is terminated.

AppCenter works in two main modes: user mode and administration mode.User mode presents users with the AppCenter launch Screen, which listsapplications that are approved for use. The user can only access theapplications that are approved and configured for use. In administrationmode, administrators can configure AppCenter by adding programs,enabling or disabling features for use, and changing other options.

The following views in FIGS. 5-10 represent only exemplary designs forexposing the functionality of plug-ins 308 to users through a webbrowser or other means. Other formats may be known to those havingordinary skill in the art and could be used without departing from thescope of the disclosed subject matter.

FIG. 5 shows exemplary web page 400 exposing the on-device agentplug-ins 308 of FIG. 3 for remote access from a central managementsystem such as a PC. Web page 400 lists available plug-ins throughhyperlinks 402 through 414.

In one embodiment, web page 400 exposes configuration 402, file manager404, remote control 406, system manager 408, log manager 410, messenger412, and tracker 414 plug-ins. Other customizable plug-ins deployed onthe service host may also be accessed through web page 400.

A central management system, for example desktop PC 112 of FIG. 1, mayaccess web page 400 by entering either the device name or IP address asthe URL. Web page 400 then displays the available plug-ins ashyperlinks. Web page 400 may be customized based on an organization'sunique needs and the on-device plug-ins available.

Configuration 402 allows a user to change the configuration settings ofthe on-device service host and the on-device plug-ins themselves. Usingthe configuration plug-in, a client may retrieve all of theconfiguration files as an array of strings, and a client may identifythe name of the service host 300 configuration file. This informationallows each file to be read and written, making it very simple toimplement a remote configuration tool. The configuration plug-in mayalso restart service host 300 and the remote device itself.

File manager 404 provides access to the file system of the device. Thefile manager plug-in enables the remote uploading and downloading offiles to and from the remote device. A remote administrator may retrievethe files and folders in a specific folder of the device system as anarray of objects. He may then copy, move, rename, and delete each fileor folder. For example, information about a specific file or the amountof free memory on the device may be retrieved. Performance informationmay be displayed, including information about device performance overtime. The detailed information may include selections for memory, power,network, and wireless. All performance information may be displayed in agraphical format, and specific performance ranges can be selected andviewed on each graph. Provisioning status may also be displayed,including information about currently installed applications that wereinstalled according to the present disclosure, and also a history ofprovisioning actions done on the device. For example, package name andif the package was successfully installed. This capability is obviouslyuseful in many troubleshooting scenarios, but also in the case where auser has trouble finding a file on his device (e.g. the user saved thefile in the wrong place). The user can call the administrator and simplyask where the file is, and then the administrator can search the filesystem remotely and place the file in the correct directory.

Remote control 406 enables remote control of the device by a web browseror administration console. The remote control plug-in allows anadministrator to interact with the remote device screen. The remotedevice screen may also be captured and saved to an image file. Anadministrator may also retrieve the port that the remote control plug-inis using to receive command messages.

System manager 408 enables a user to remotely retrieve device systeminformation such as a current list of installed applications and runningprocesses. It also enables a user to remotely manage the device,including functionalities such as installing and removing on-deviceapplications, starting and stopping on-device processes, registering andunregistering on-device components, and re-setting the device.

Log manager 410 enables users to store device information in anon-device log that may be push transmitted (initiated by the device) toa server by using file transfer (FTP) or XML web services (HTTP/XML).The device information may be retrieved from any of the other plug-ins.

Messenger 412 enables a user to send messages to the device user in acustom message box on the device. The user may optionally specifymessage attributes such as font size, a sound to be played, etc.

Tracker 414 enables the device to report to a server. The trackerplug-in sends updated reports (including the identity and name of thedevice) according to a set time interval by HTTP to a server.

Tracker 414 enables automatic device reporting to a server when aspecific event occurs and/or a specified amount of time passes. When anevent occurs, Tracker transmits configurable data to a server. The datacan contain device information, current network identification, and thelike. For example, when an IP address changes, a payload (data andidentification) can be sent to alert the server of the change.

The occurrence of certain events, such as a network change or passage oftime, can trigger an update. For example, tracker 414 may only run whena device is docked, which may be accomplished by detecting a networkchange.

The on-device agent further supports the creation of customizableplug-ins developed by any environment which supports XML web services.In one embodiment, a developer may create plug-ins through the use ofMicrosoft Visual Studio .NET 2003. Table 1 below shows exemplary URLswhich may be used as a Web Reference for accessing each of the plug-ins.

TABLE 1 WSDL URL for Each Plug-ins Plug-in URL of WSDL DocumentConfiguration http://device-name/wsdl/athena-configuration.wsdl FileManger http://device-name/wsdl/athena-filemanager.wsdl Remote Controlhttp://device-name/wsdl/athena-remotecontrol.wsdl System Managerhttp://device-name/wsdl/athena-systemmanager.wsdl Log Managerhttp://device-name/wsdl/athena-logmanager.wsdl Messengerhttp://device-name/wsdl/athena-messenger.wsdl Trackerhttp://device-name/wsdl/athena-tracker.wsdl

Independent developers may create their own applications having accessto each of the plug-ins mentioned heretofore as well as other plug-insdeployed on the remote device. For example, the configuration plug-inmakes the functions shown in Table 2 available. The reader will notethat other plug-ins make other functions available. Further, theconfiguration plug-in makes other functions not shown herein available.

TABLE 2 Exemplary Web Services Methods for the Configuration Plug-in XMLWeb Service Method Description ListConfigFiles Get a list ofconfiguration files GetHostConfigFile Get the name of the configurationfile ReadConfigFile Read the configuration file WriteConfigFile Writethe configuration file RestartHost Restart the service hostRestartDevice Restart the device

The configuration plug-in may enable the retrieval of all configurationfiles using the ListConfigFiles function. The ListConfigFiles functionreturns the files as an array of strings, and the GetHostConfigFilereturns the name of the main configuration file. Using this information,each file may be read and written. The plug-in thus enables developersto implement a remote configuration tool.

Referring back to FIG. 1, on-device agent 104 provides remote devicesupport through a central management system. A developer may createapplications for remote device management. On-device agent 104 offersdevice management functionality using open standards such as, but notlimited to, HTTP/S, HTML, XML, SOAP, and WSDL. Referring now to FIG. 3,Web server 304 provides access to plug-ins 308 of service host 300. Webserver 304 provides access to plug-ins 308 through customizable webpages which may be accessible from a web browser.

Thus, the currently disclosed system does not require proprietaryinfrastructure to operate, but enables a third party to build and deploycustomizable applications through the use of an open architectureemploying HTTP/S, HTML, XML, SOAP, and WSDL. The on-device agent of thepresent disclosure may be deployed on an existing infrastructure withoutthe need for proprietary servers or other infrastructure.

FIG. 6A shows window 500 displaying currently active devices 502, IPaddress 504, port 506, last update 508, Media Access Control (MAC)address 510, battery 512, memory 514, and sample time 516. When anadministrator refreshes window 500, the application running on thecentral management system makes a call to a database table holding thevalues of attributes 502 through 516. The tracker plug-in on the remotedevice provides the updates to the table which may be displayed onwindow 500. Typically, the tracker plug-in sends updates every tenminutes. Other time frames for updates may also be used. Any devicehaving last update 508 older than ten minutes is thus either turned off,outside network coverage, or unable to transmit data for another reason.Further, log manager plug-in 410 of FIG. 5 provides data which updatesMAC address 510, battery 512, and memory 514. Sample time 516 displaysthe time when the log manager plug-in last submitted an update.

FIG. 6B shows an exemplary embodiment of the type of network conditionsthat may be monitored remotely, in this case on a BlackBerry device.This screen provides information about the network adapter configurationof the smartphone including bytes sent/received, GSM, CDMA status, andWLAN information.

FIG. 6C shows an exemplary embodiment of general system information thatmay be viewed remotely. System information listed includes generalinformation about the remote device, including headings General,Date/Time, Memory, Display, Security, Power, and Local information.

FIG. 7 shows remote control window 600 providing remote support forremote devices. Remote control window shows device window 602 as itactually appears on the remote device. An operator, IT administrator, orother support professional may remotely operate the remote devicethrough device window 602.

Any action that can be done directly on the device can be performedduring a remote control session. Multiple concurrent connections can bemade to one device and all connections will display/view the samescreen. Screen capture, video capture, and macro options are availableto aid in troubleshooting and diagnosis of device issues.

Screen and video capture options enable the recording of screens andprocedures that are accessed or run on the device during a remotecontrol session. The macro option enables the recording of keyboardinput and mouse clicks. During remote control sessions, devices withtouch screens may be controlled using a desktop mouse. Smartphonedevices may be controlled through desktop keyboard actions.

Further, remote control window 600 includes battery 604 and memory 606usage. An application queries the device for these attributes which arethen displayed graphically in remote control window 600. A supportprofessional may further send a message to the remote device by typingthe message in field 610 and clicking send message button 612. Themessage will then be displayed on the remote device.

Thus, remote control window 600 enables remote troubleshooting of aremote device through interactive support. An IT administrator or othersupport professional may easily troubleshoot a device by remotelyinteracting with the actual device. For example, device settings such asbacklight settings on a cell phone could be remotely modified.

FIG. 8 shows window 700 for remotely managing applications. List 702shows applications installed on the remote device. A supportprofessional may remotely add or remove applications from list 702. Whenthe support professional clicks add 704, a dialog box appears in whichthe support professional selects a Pocket PC setup (.cab) file (whichmay have been created with some installation tool) in the file system oron a remote network drive. When such a file is selected, it is copied tothe device and setup is started. Similar processes apply, mutatismutandis, to non-Pocket PC embodiments.

Device information window 800, shown in FIG. 9A, displays informationabout the service host 802, the device system 804 and 806, device memory808, and batteries 810 and 812. The system manager plug-in of FIG. 3makes this information available to window 800. Window 800 displaysprocess information 814 about currently running processes on the device.A support professional may remotely terminate a process byright-clicking on the process name and selecting stop.

FIG. 9B shows another embodiment comprising similar types ofinformation, a device summary window. This device summary is part of thesystem manager plug-in discussed above. The system manager plug-inaccesses device system information to provide remote management of thedevice. System manager enables the viewing of current summary anddetailed information about the device, such as device status and type ofdevice.

Actions such as installing and removing applications, controlling deviceprocesses, registering and unregistering DLLs, performing device resets(which may include simply restarting the service host, a warm reset ofthe whole device, or a cold reset of the whole device) or viewing devicecertificates, can be done remotely from system manager.

Available selections for system manager may include device summary,device details, application list, process list, register DLLs, reset,certificates, and customer info.

The device summary shown in FIG. 9B provides a general summary of thedevice and an overview of the current device status. For example ID,battery information, operating system information, and current devicetime.

File manager window 900, shown in FIG. 10, shows information about thefiles and folders on the device. The file contents may then be remotelyaccessed using the file manager plug-in of FIG. 1. Further, applicationsmay be remotely run by right-clicking an application file (.exe or thelike), and then clicking START.

Now that the basic methods for accessing the plug-ins and the system ofthe present disclosure have been discussed, the reader is directed to adiscussion of methods, systems, and computer-readable media foremploying the functionality of the plug-ins. The functionality may beaccessed automatically through management servers or interactivelythrough web pages. A management system remotely executes methods of theplug-ins to remotely manage the device. Further, the methods disclosedand other plug-in methods may be used in applications developed byindependent developers as discussed heretofore.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure allows device provisioning ofremote devices through centralized management systems. A server,console, PC, or other management system may be used to distribute andupdate software and device settings. This feature allows deviceprovisioning through either an automated or an interactive process.Typically, the automated process occurs through the management server orconsole and the interactive functions occur through a web pageinterface.

FIG. 11A shows exemplary provision flow 1000. In step 1002, anexecutable file (e.g. Update.exe) sends device information about theremote device to the server. In step 1004, the server sends the remotedevice a list of mission critical device software and settings needed onthe specified device. In step 1006 the executable file checks the devicesettings against the mission critical list to make sure the device hasthe appropriate software and settings. If the device does not have theappropriate software, the remote device sends a request to the serverrequesting the software in step 1008. The server sends the appropriatesoftware, which is then downloaded and set up on the device. The updateprogram continues checking the critical settings and software until itexhausts the list. The remote device settings may be automaticallychanged in the course of this process.

Provision flow 1000 typically sends information through HTTP/S, althoughone of skill in the art will recognize that other protocols and methodsmay also be used.

The automatic provision and interactive provisioning features takeadvantage of the plug-ins discussed heretofore. For example, whenupdating applications, the system manager plug-in could be used toinstall software. Provision flow 1000 uses several methods part of thesystem manager plug-in discussed below. Other methods not specificallydiscussed could also be implemented as part of the system managerplug-in or a different plug-in. The partitioning of method and use ofthe methods discussed is intended to aid the reader in understanding thesubject matter. The specific methods discussed below are not central toprovision flow 1000. However, the open architecture of the presentdisclosure enables access to the methods of the plug-ins throughstandard internet protocols. This central feature of the presentdisclosure may enable an unlimited number of different methods forenabling provision flow 1000.

A GetApplicationList( ) method on the system manager plug-in returns allinstalled applications on the remote device. The returned array ofstrings represents each application name installed on the remote deviceusing a CAB file or other automated installation technique.

An InstallFile(FileName) method installs files on the remote device. TheFileName parameter specifies the full path and file name of a fileresiding on the remote device. FileName may specify a CAB, CPF, or XMLConfiguration file on the device. As mentioned earlier these are onlyexemplary methods used in this example, other methods could be invokedfor installing other types of files.

An InstallConfigXML(XML) method installs device settings from aconfiguration XML fragment string. The parameter XML specifies a stringof XML formatted text having device settings to be installed on thedevice. Configuration Service Providers (CSPs) in the operating systemWAP provisioning client may use information provided in the XML documentto effect changes to the device configuration.

Although the methods above have been described in connection withprovisioning a remote device, the modular nature of the plug-ins allowthe methods to be called when using different features disclosed hereinas well. Further, because the present disclosure enables an openarchitecture based remote device management system, independentdevelopers may remotely execute these methods when designing their ownapplications.

Further, these applications may be called internally by other plug-ins.In one embodiment, the log manager plug-in executes a GetProcessListEx() method on the system manager plug-in. The GetProcessListEx( ) methodreturns a list of running processes on the device.

Thus, provision flow 1000 employs the system manager plug-in of thepresent disclosure to enable unattended installation of files,applications, and other software. Further, provision flow 1000 allowsunattended changes to device settings and features. The same methodsdisclosed could be used for an interactive web page method of installingfiles, applications, and other software or changing device settings.

The device provisioning feature further allows detection of corruptsoftware, updating applications while in use, or updating applicationssharing common files or subsystems. Device provisioning may also enablechanging configurations, updating security certificates, and otherfunctionalities.

In one embodiment, an application known as AppUpdate is used forprovisioning remote devices. The AppUpdate application is a deviceapplication used for provisioning devices. Device provisioning enables adevice administrator to create groups of software installation tasks(packages) and then assign these packages to connected mobile devices ordevice collections (user-defined or standard collections). UsingAppUpdate, devices are intelligently provisioned with content that isstored on a repository web server.

AppUpdate is used on mobile devices where a known set of applicationsreside that will require upgrades. Controlled or automated upgrades aredetermined by the device (software field upgrades), by certain actionstaken on the device, or by a schedule. AppUpdate processing can bescheduled for multiple executions depending upon the needs of thespecific implementation.

AppUpdate also provides a self-healing process by determining if anapplication needs to be repaired or restored (for example, when amissing or damaged DLL disables an application or process). AppUpdatecan detect (using metrics) what is missing or damaged, and theappropriate package will be automatically downloaded to fix theapplication.

The AppUpdate application may be controlled by the manifest. Themanifest is an XML document (control file) that describes the contentand context of the repository that the device must replicate in thedevice-side storage areas. Most of the functionality in AppUpdateoriginates from the comprehensive set of operations specified in themanifest available for execution on the device.

A copy of the manifest may be downloaded via HTTP or FTP protocol from arepository web server whenever AppUpdate is run on the device.Server-side scripting or special server software is not required as themanifest file is obtained from the server via a HTTP/GET or FTP/GETcommand. HTTP/GET or FTP/GET commands are supported by all web serversregardless of whether the server is Microsoft-based (e.g. IIS),UNIX-based (e.g. Apache) or any other web server supporting HTTP 1.0protocol or FTP protocols.

The manifest may be automatically created at run time based on thepackages configured. The manifest contains all the commands thatdetermine whether a package needs updating and the actions to take if anupdate is required.

The device (AppUpdate client agent) obtains the package description(s)from the manifest. Each package definition contains the steps necessaryto install the package (install actions) and monitor the files residingon the device for content, version and/or file size (install metrics).

A comparison is made against defined install metrics and the files onthe device. If one or more install metrics fail the comparison, theAppUpdate client agent will execute the install actions for the package.

FIG. 11B shows steps that may be performed during device provisioning.At step 1010, the device downloads the manifest specified in theManifestURL entry of the AppUpdate configuration file on the device. Atstep 1012, the device examines the manifest and all package versions ormetrics to determine whether any packages need updating. At step 1014,if updates are required (which was determined at step 1012), the devicedisplays a list of updates in the user interface and prompts to installthe updates according to the list. The package actions are processedupon installation. If AppUpdate is set for auto install, the actions arestarted automatically. If the install actions include downloads, thefiles are obtained as a group at the start of all action execution.

Finally, at step 1016, the install actions are completed. If there arefailures in the actions that do not resolve the metrics for the package,the install actions will remain pending. If no metrics were used, thepackage version does not update on the device and the install actionsremain pending. If AppUpdate is set for auto install, AppUpdateterminates.

If POST (postback) is being used, the AppUpdate client agent sends asummary XML document to the repository web server as aRequest.InputStream object.

FIG. 11C provides a high level view of an exemplary manifest structure.The AppUpdate manifest is a data structure that encodes the compositionof a package hierarchy. Packages 1020 consist of one or more actions1022 and optionally one or more metrics 1024. An action defines a taskfor the package requirements. Each metric defines a measurement that isevaluated at the device to determine whether the package needs to beupdated (refreshed). All actions for the package are performed if one ormore metrics are detected as out of date on the device.

A similar structure is cached on the device to compare this data againstand to determine the necessary actions to undertake if the device-sideapplication determines that some component of the manifest needsprovisioning (missing or incorrect version).

The manifest file structure may comprise the XML header, manifest,product, action, and metric XML tags.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure enables remote devicereporting. In this embodiment, data on the status of the hardware andsoftware of the device, the health status of the device, networkinformation (including, e.g., adapter names IP routing table,connections, routes, address resolution protocol (ARP) tables,statistics, and access points), and messaging statistics may begathered. Health status may include data such as condition of thehardware and software of the device, the available storage space, theavailable memory, how often the device has been restarted, informationabout application crashes, network errors, signal strength, device logs,etc. This information may be automatically gathered or determined viainteractive methods such as web pages.

The present disclosure allows an administrator to create and modifysoftware packages for installation on a remote device. A packageconsists of software installation tasks which are assigned to connectedremote devices or collections of devices. Packages are managed on thecentral server in the site environment. In one embodiment, theadministrator may proceed via a wizard to create custom packages forinstallation.

Process flow 1030 in FIG. 11D shows the basic process steps for creatinga custom software package. At step 1032, the administrator enters basicpackage information, such as package name, short package name, theprovider (the source) of the application, the abbreviated provider name,version value for the version of the package, revision value for therevision of the package, and the priority value to indicate how thepackage is installed. The selections for priority are:

-   -   a. Manual. Update done manually through the AppUpdate user        interface on the device. Manual does not process when using        AppUpdate auto install.    -   b. Automatic. All required and recommended packages are        installed when using AppUpdate auto install.    -   c. Isolation. (AppUpdate Only) updates are processed together as        a group before all other priorities are processed. AppUpdate on        the device is cycled after the last required update is        performed.

At step 1034, files are chosen and staged on the repository server, fromwhich remote devices can download them. AppUpdate downloads files fromthe repository server to the device. To download a file to a device, thefile must be staged in the server virtual directory so that the devicecan obtain the file. The download function also ensures that files whichthe device obtains were placed there through this process.

At step 1036, install actions are provided. Install actions includeitems such as download, install, uninstall, warm boot, process (run,terminate), file system (copy, move, delete files, rename file, create,remove, rename folder), and similar actions useful in provisioning thesoftware.

At step 1036, metrics are created to allow the software to ensure properinstallation. File metrics can include file hash, file version, filesize information, and the like. To determine if install actions areexecuted successfully, package file metrics are automatically comparedby AppUpdate to the file metrics of the installed files. This processenables the automatic detection and repair of a device application orconfiguration.

A metric works by comparing the hash, version or size of the metric fora file located on the repository server against a specified file on thedevice. The AppUpdate device client compares the hash, version, or sizeof a device file against the value the server reports. If any metricfails, the appropriate install actions are performed. If all metricspass, no install actions are performed.

In the absence of package metrics, the version attribute of the packagedefinition may be compared between the repository and the last versionreceived by the device. If these values are not equal, the appropriateinstall actions are performed.

At step 1040, removal actions are defined. Removal actions are theinstructions required to remove packages from devices. An administratoralso can edit, delete, and arrange the actions. A default set of removalactions may be automatically generated from the install actions, butthis may be customized as necessary. The package is then completed andready to be provisioned to remote devices, but it may be edited at alater time if necessary.

Packages may be distributed to remote devices with a high degree ofgranularity. Distribution of packages to devices can occur concurrentlyat two levels: (1) direct assignment of packages to individual devices(device-level) and (2) assignment of packages to collections of devices(collection-level). Device-level distribution assignments overridecollection-level distribution assignments.

The packages assigned to a device are the sum of all packages assignedto the device and all packages assigned to collections of which thedevice is a member.

FIG. 11E shows an example of a distribution scheme for three differentdevices. As shown, different packages have been assigned to Device 1 andDevice 2 directly and to various device collections. As a result ofthese assignments, the devices would receive the following packages:

-   -   Device 1: Package A, Package B, Package C, Package F.    -   Device 2: Package A, Package C, Package D, Package G.    -   Device 3: Package A, Package C, Package D, Package E, Package H.

This illustrative example shows only Windows Mobile devices, but one ofordinary skill will recognize that it may easily be generalized toprovide for provisioning devices of all types.

The file manager plug-in may be implemented in different ways fordifferent types of remote devices, but still provide a standardized APIfor use with the web services interface to the on-device agent. AListFiles(Path, Sort) method from the file manager plug-in may be usedto return a list of summary information about files on the remote devicematching the specification. Table 3 below shows the parameters of themethod call and the file information returned. The parameter Pathspecifies the directory on the device to interrogate for the files. Theparameter Sort specifies the order of the list. The Sort parameter maybe name, size, type, or date. The returned structure includes an echo ofthe Path and Sort parameters and the list of file names and attributesmatching the specification of the Path and Sort parameters.

TABLE 3 ListFiles( ) method parameters and return values Column TypeSubColumn Type Path <string> Sort <string> FileList Array of <struct>FileInfo.Name <string> FileInfo FileInfo.Type <string> FileInfo.SizeLow<int> FileInfo.SizeHigh <int> FileInfo.Date <datetime>FileInfo.Attributes <string>

A GetSystemInfo( ) method of the system manager plug-in returns summaryinformation about the device. Table 4 below shows a subset of the deviceinformation returned. Other device information about the battery,memory, phone number, or processor could be returned. Any informationresiding on the device may be reported by the system manager plug-in.

TABLE 4 GetSystemInfo( ) Method partial return values Column TypeOEMInfo <string> PlatformType <string> ProcessorArchitecture <int>ProcessorArchitectureString <string> ProcessorType <int>ProcessorTypeString <string> ProcessorLevel <int> ProcessorRevision<int> OsMajorVersion <int> OsMinorVersion <int> OsBuildNumber <int>OsVersionString <string> OsPlatformId <int> OsPlatformIdString <string>OsCsdVersion <string> AthenaMajorVersion <int> AthenaMinorVersion <int>AthenaBuildNumber <int> AthenaVersionString <string> ACLineStatus <int>

A messaging service plug-in (not shown in FIG. 3 or 4) enables thegathering of message statistics of the remote device. AGetAccountStatistics(Account) method returns stored statistics of aspecified account. Table 5 below shows the parameters of the method calland values returned. The account may be an e-mail, SMS, or MMS account.

TABLE 5 GetAccountStatistics( ) Method Column Type SubColumn TypeAccountStatistics <string> AccountName <string> FriendlyName Array of<struct> Description <string> StatisticsCategory MessagesIn <int>BytesIn <int> MessagesOut <int> BytesOut <int>

A GetAccessPoints( ) method may return network information including,but not limited to, network adapters on the device, active TCPconnections, active UDP connections, TCP statistics, UDP statistics, IProuting table, access points on the device, and a list of all availablenetwork access points and the available signal strength. Table 6 belowshows the returned values once a RPC invokes the GetAccessPoints( )method.

TABLE 6 GetAccessPoints( ) Method Column Type SubColumn TypeAccessPoints Array of <struct> MacAddress <int> AccessPoint SSID<string> WepRequired <boolean> RSSI <int> SignalStrength <int>NetworkType <string> Frequency <double> Channel <int> OperatingMode<string>

In another aspect, the present disclosure offers interactive supportthrough its web page interface. An IT department or other supportprofessional part of a help desk may operate the remote device as ifactually holding it. This feature enhances troubleshooting capabilitiesby allowing the help desk personnel to remotely operate the device andview the device screen in real time.

FIG. 12 shows management architecture 1100 for enabling live supportsubstantially similar to system management architecture 100. Managementarchitecture 1100 further includes key mapping file 1102. When keyboard1104 of PC 112 remotely operates remote device 102, PC 112 sendskeystrokes across network 110 as a hexadecimal (hex) code to servicehost 106. Since each remote device 102 may have a different hexadecimalcode for a keystroke, key mapping file 1102 translates hexadecimal codesent from PC 112 to the correct keystroke of remote device 102. Servicehost 106 may then use this input to operate remote device 102 throughits plug-ins.

In some instances, one hex code of PC 112 translates to multiplekeystrokes on remote device 102. For example, a hex value of 2Crepresents the “,” character on a keyboard. Two separate hex codes mayneed to be implemented on remote device 102 to represent the same “,”character. Key mapping file 1102 handles all such device-specific keymapping.

PC 112 also sends other inputs such as mouse click and mouse movement toservice host 106. Plug-ins of service host 106 use these inputs tooperate remote device 102.

The following methods may be used to remotely control a remote device.First, a GetActivePort( ) method returns the port that the remotecontrol server listens to.

A CaptureScreen(Format, Quality) method returns a byte stream of thedevice's current display. The parameter Format specifies the format ofthe image file to produce. The value may be either bmp or jpeg. If JPEGis specified, the Quality parameter specifies the compression as aninteger from 1 (maximum compression) to 100 (minimum compression).

FIG. 13A shows screen captures 1200 and 1202 having a compression of 100and 10 respectively. Screen captures 1200 and 1202 may be viewed by thehelp desk operator at a central location. As discussed earlier, inputsto and from the help desk PC communicated through a web page aretransmitted to the service host. These inputs may be used to operate thedevice.

In another embodiment, a macro file having input information includingposition of mouse movements, key strokes, and timing of inputs may berecorded when a help desk operator remotely operates a device. Thismacro file may then be played when helping others with their problem. Inone embodiment, the macro file may be played to discover whether aproblem is an isolated or common problem.

FIG. 13B shows an embodiment of the capability for an administrator toremotely control a device, in this case a controller for a BlackBerrydevice. The current screen of the device is shown in image 1210 andupdates in real time as actions occur. Key mapping 1212 shows what keyson the keyboard correspond to actions on the remote device. And optionspanel 1214 allows the administrator to choose things like color depth,image scale, and image format for captured screenshots.

The controller enables remote live access and control of a BlackBerrysmartphone. When the smartphone is accessed, the controller page willdisplay the screen that is displayed currently on the smartphone.Multiple concurrent connections to one device may be established.

Screen and video capture options enable the recording of screens andprocedures that are accessed or run on the smartphone during acontroller session. The macro option enables the recording of keyboardinput and/or mouse clicks. Smartphones with and without touch screensare supported, and one of ordinary skill will recognize that similarembodiments for other types of remote device are possible as well.

In another aspect, the present disclosure may implement tracking ofphone and messaging statistics. As mentioned earlier, the messagingservice plug-in allows access to messaging statistics of e-mail, SMS,and MMS accounts.

A GenerateStatistics( ) method allows messaging statistics for allaccounts to be displayed. The GenerateStatistics( ) method returns themessages sent and received for each account during the last 90 days.

A phone service plug-in (not shown in FIG. 3, 4 or 5) gathers phoneusage statistics. This may include phone logs, text messages, email, andthe like. Certain legal considerations may arise in the context ofmonitoring this data. For example, if the remote device belongs to theuser rather than the company, it may be the case that the company cannotlawfully monitor some or all of this information. Therefore, the natureof the data collected may be configured on a per-device basis to ensurecompliance with local law.

Monitoring these usage statistics may, for example, give the company theability to prove that an alleged email did not actually originate fromthe accused user. It may also provide auditability necessary underSarbanes-Oxley or other legal requirements.

In one embodiment, the on-device agent or the log manager plug-inthereof records all the desired usage information in real-time, storingit to a secure location on the device. Then that data may be uploadedperiodically to the server (optionally in an encrypted and/or compressedform). This embodiment extends battery life by not having the mobiledevice continually contacting the server every time a monitored usageevent occurs. But since usage is monitored in real time, it alsoprevents the user from being able to send a message and then immediatelydelete it, thereby avoiding detection.

In one embodiment, the log manager service module samples and presentsinformation about other service modules or plug-ins. The deviceinformation is collected or sampled and then transmitted from the deviceto a server using FTP or XML web services. Multiple sets of deviceinformation can be logged to multiple log files and transmitted tomultiple servers.

The log manager configuration file is used to configure the log managerservice module. The log manager may be configured to check for changesto the configuration file every 30 seconds. In the configuration file, alog file is defined as a group of one or more samples. A sample is anXML web service call to a service.

Predefined groups may automatically appear in log manager, such asSYSTEMINFO and NETWORKING status. These groups contain the deviceinformation displayed in other service modules, such as system managerand networking service modules.

Custom groups can be created using settings in the configuration file tocollect and transmit specific device information.

The log manager page contains general information about the device andstatus information for each defined group or log file.

An upload manager plug-in may be used to move data from devices to aserver. The data files are compressed and uploaded to a queue file onthe device. The queue file is then transmitted to a server. The processcan be done on a scheduled basis or manually using options on the uploadmanager page.

The upload manager service moduler can be configured to upload multiplesets of data files and transmit the queue files to multiple servers.

A queue file is defined in the configuration file as a group whichconsists of one or more queue items (upload data). Each group containssettings that determine how queuing and uploading are managed.

Text files which contain the web service responses that are generatedwhen a queued upload completes may be viewed to ensure successfulcompletion. For example, if the upload was successful or if an error wasencountered during upload, this may be ascertained via the uploadmanager.

A GetPhoneCalls( ) method returns phone call information in the form ofthe structure shown in Table 7 below.

TABLE 5 GetPhoneCalls( ) return values Column Type SubColumn Type PhoneArray of <struct> Number <string> Calls PhoneCall Name <string>StartTime <DateTime> EndTime <DateTime> Duration <int> DurationString<string> Type <string> CallerID <string> Connected <boolean> Dropped<boolean> Roaming <boolean>

Other methods enabled on the phone service plug in gather servicesenabled on the device, operators on the device, account of messages sentand received, voicemail information, and message statistics information.Further, phone information on the device may be gathered.

FIG. 14 is a flow chart depicting a multi-stage security functionalityimplemented on the service host. The security features guard the remotedevice from unwanted use by locking the device according to amulti-layered security process. FIG. 14 displays the process flow forthe multi-stage security locking module 1300 which provides enhanceremote device security through a password lock. First, the securityprocess is initiated, 1304, by a user wishing to engage the remotedevice. The security process may engage when the device is started,booted, or after a period of user inactivity. Stage one lock dialog 1306then prompts the user to enter the password in order to unlock theremote device. A correct password entry 1302 will unlock the device. Anincorrect password entry prompts phone dialer dialog 1312 which mayprompt the user to re-enter the password again with a dialog such as“Password incorrect. 1 attempt remaining.” If the user then enters thecorrect password, the device is unlocked. If the user enters theincorrect password (or enters an incorrect password a set number oftimes), the device moves to stage two lock dialog 1308 which prompts theuser to enter the stage two password—a different password than the stageone lock dialog 1306 password. It may be required that the user call orcontact support and provide verification information to obtain the stagetwo password. Stage two lock dialog 1308 may prompt the user to enterthe stage two password with dialog such as “IMPORTANT—Call support andgive them this number (123456) to receive the stage two password.” Anincorrect stage two password entry prompts phone dialer dialog 1314which may prompt the user to re-enter the password again with dialogsuch as “Password Incorrect. 5 attempts remaining.” If the user thenenters the correct password, the device is unlocked. If the user againenters the incorrect password (or enters an incorrect password a setamount of times), the device moves to stage three lock dialog 1310,which locks the device permanently. After the device is permanentlylocked, only an administrator may then unlock the device. For safetyreasons, the device may be configured to allow access to emergency phonenumbers even while in some or all stages of locking.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart depicting a multi-stage security functionalityimplemented on the service host. The security features guard the remotedevice from unwanted use by locking the device according to amulti-layered security process similar to the security process shown inFIG. 14 but with an added layer of security: password enrollment dialog1326. FIG. 15 displays the process flow for the multi-stage securitylocking module 1324 with password enrollment feature turned on whichprovides enhance remote device security through a password lock.Password enrollment dialog 1326 allows the user to set an initialsecurity password for the device and may be initiated by first timesecurity service run 1324 or stage two lock dialog 1342. First timesecurity service run 1324 will initiate password enrollment dialog 1326.Password enrollment dialog 1326 prompts the user to enter a new passwordand prompts the user to enter a pre-set default password as a securityconfirmation prior to entering the initial password. The user must haveaccess to the default password to set an initial password—the defaultpassword is in most cases set by administrative support. Passwordenrollment dialog 1326 may prompt the user to enter a password of aspecific type (i.e. containing a minimum number of characters) and mayrequire that the user enter the new password twice for confirmation.After the user enters the initial password, password enrollment iscompleted and the device is unlocked, 1322. If the user fails toproperly enter an initial password, the device moves to stage two lockdialog 1328. Here, phone dialer dialog 1334 prompts the user to call asupport number to retrieve the stage two password to unlock the device.If unsuccessful, the device moves to stage three lock dialog 1330 andthe device is permanently locked (i.e. must be unlocked by anadministrator).

Password enrollment dialog 1326 may also be initiated by the user fromstage two lock dialog 1342. In this instance the security process isinitiated, 1338, by a user wishing to engage the remote device. Thesecurity process may engage when the device is started, booted, or aftera period of user inactivity. Stage one lock dialog 1340 then prompts theuser to enter the password in order to unlock the remote device. Acorrect password entry 1336 will unlock the device. An incorrectpassword entry prompts phone dialer dialog 1346 which may prompt theuser to re-enter the password again. If the user then enters the correctpassword, the device is unlocked. If the user then again enters theincorrect password (or enters an incorrect password a set amount oftimes) the device moves to stage two lock dialog 1342 which prompts theuser to enter the stage two password—a different password than the stageone lock dialog 1340 password. From stage one lock dialog 1340, the usermay access change password dialog 1348.

Change password dialog 1348 prompts the user to enter a new password andprompts the user to enter the current password as a confirmation priorto entering the initial password. Change password dialog 1348 may promptthe user to enter a password of a specific type (i.e. containing aminimum number of characters) and may require that the user enter thenew password twice for confirmation. After the user enters the newpassword, the password has been changed and the device moves to stageone lock dialog 1340. If the user fails to properly enter an initialpassword, the device moves to stage two lock dialog 1342.

From stage two lock dialog 1342 the user may access password enrollmentdialog 1326 if an initial password has not yet been set. Successfullycompleting password enrollment dialog 1326 will unlock the device.However, if an initial password has been set, stage two lock dialog 1342may prompt the user to enter the stage two password with dialog such as“IMPORTANT—Call support and give them this number (123456) to receivethe stage two password.” An incorrect stage two password entry promptsphone dialer dialog 1350 which may prompt the user to re-enter thepassword again with dialog such as “Password Incorrect. 5 attemptsremaining.” If the user then enters the correct password, the device isunlocked. If the user then again enters the incorrect password (orenters an incorrect password a set amount of times), the device moves tostage three lock dialog 1344, which locks the device permanently. Afterthe device is permanently locked, only an administrator may then unlockthe device.

In addition to permanent locking, a stage three lock may also optionallyinitiate a memory wiping process on the device to protect confidentialinformation.

The subject matter of the present disclosure has so far largely beendescribed as being implemented via an on-device agent. However, anagentless embodiment is also possible. One way of implementing anagentless embodiment is via Exchange ActiveSync or a similar protocol;the agentless embodiment is sometimes known as Exchange ActiveSyncManagement Services (EAS).

EAS enables the management of mobile devices that support MicrosoftExchange within Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager or anothermanagement console. Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync is a protocol whichenables the synchronization of mobile devices with Exchange mailboxes.

Management of mobile devices may include viewing devices and deviceinformation; viewing, defining, and assigning policies; controllingdevice wipe actions for security; removing device partnerships; andother management tasks. Management of Windows Mobile andnon-Windows-Mobile devices is supported with EAS. For example, iPhoneand Android devices can be viewed in the configuration manager consoleand policies can be managed. The policy settings that are supporteddepend on the device manufacturer. FIG. 16 provides a screenshot of anembodiment of management console 1400 showing EAS-connected devices1410.

A partnership is established when a device connects or syncs to theExchange server. When a partnership is removed, the partnership and allassociated policy information for the device is removed from theExchange server. Communication with the device is no longer available.

Remove partnership is an option used in conjunction with wiping adevice. A wipe should be performed on the device before removepartnership is done to completely remove the partnership from Exchangeby resetting the device. Otherwise, when the device attempts toreconnect, a message will appear on the device prompting to re-establishthe partnership.

Microsoft Exchange policies are used for managing and assigning settingsto different users and groups. Policies are assigned to user mailboxesand provide associated devices with a standard set of device security,synchronization, hardware, application access, and file access settings.

Although the disclosed subject matter has been described in detail, itshould be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterationsmay be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A usage statistics gathering system for use witha mobile device, said system comprising: an on-device agent on saidmobile device, the on-device agent encoded with instructions to measurea plurality of usage statistics on said mobile device, said on-deviceagent comprising one or more application plug-ins and a web server; saidweb server operable to provide, to a monitoring computer, access to theone or more application plug-ins; said on-device agent operable toencode said plurality of usage statistics; said on-device agent operableto store said encoded plurality of usage statistics in a secure storagelocation on said mobile device, said secure storage location beinginaccessible to an ordinary user of said mobile device; said on-deviceagent further operable to transmit said encoded plurality of usagestatistics to a monitoring computer.
 2. The usage statistics gatheringsystem of claim 1, wherein said on-device agent is encoded withinstructions to measure said plurality of usage statistics inessentially real time.
 3. The usage statistics gathering system of claim1, wherein said on-device agent is encoded with instructions to measuresaid plurality of usage statistics by waiting for notifications fromsaid mobile device.
 4. The usage statistics gathering system of claim 1,wherein said transmission of said plurality of usage statistics occursperiodically at predetermined intervals.
 5. The usage statisticsgathering system of claim 4, wherein said transmission of said pluralityof usage statistics comprises encrypted, compressed transmission.
 6. Theusage statistics gathering system of claim 1, wherein said transmissionoccurs via an HTTPS connection.
 7. The usage statistics gathering systemof claim 1, wherein said plurality of usage statistics comprises: arecord of email messages sent from said mobile device or received bysaid mobile device; a record of text messages sent from said device orreceived by said mobile device; a record of data plan usage; and arecord of voice plan usage.
 8. A computer readable storage deviceencoded with instructions comprising: an on-device agent on a mobiledevice operable to measure a plurality of usage statistics on saidmobile device, said on-device agent comprising one or more applicationplug-ins and a web server; said web server operable to provide, to amonitoring computer, access to the one or more application plug-ins;said on-device agent operable to encode said plurality of usagestatistics; said on-device agent operable to store said encodedplurality of usage statistics in a secure storage location on saidmobile device, said secure storage location being inaccessible to anordinary user of said mobile device; said on-device agent furtheroperable to transmit said plurality of usage statistics to saidmonitoring computer.
 9. The computer readable storage device of claim 8,wherein said on-device agent is encoded with instructions to measuresaid plurality of usage statistics in essentially real time.
 10. Thecomputer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein said on-deviceagent is encoded with instructions to measure said plurality of usagestatistics by waiting for notifications from said mobile device.
 11. Thecomputer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein said transmissionof said plurality of usage statistics occurs periodically atpredetermined intervals.
 12. The computer readable storage device ofclaim 11, wherein said transmission of said plurality of usagestatistics comprises encrypted, compressed transmission.
 13. Thecomputer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein said plurality ofusage statistics comprises: a record of email messages sent from saidmobile device or received by said mobile device; a record of textmessages sent from said device or received by said mobile device; arecord of data plan usage; and a record of voice plan usage.
 14. Amethod for gathering usage statistics with a mobile device, the methodcomprising: measuring, via an on-device agent on said mobile device, aplurality of usage statistics on said mobile device, said on-deviceagent comprising one or more application plug-ins and a web server, theweb server providing, to a monitoring computer, access to the one ormore application plug-ins; encoding said plurality of usage statistics;storing said encoded plurality of usage statistics in a secure storagelocation on said mobile device, said secure storage location beinginaccessible to an ordinary user of said mobile device; and transmittingsaid plurality of usage statistics to said monitoring computer.
 15. Themethod of claim 14, further comprising measuring said plurality of usagestatistics in essentially real time.
 16. The method of claim 14, furthercomprising measuring said plurality of usage statistics by waiting fornotifications from said mobile device.
 17. The method of claim 14,wherein said transmitting said plurality of usage statistics occursperiodically at predetermined intervals.
 18. The method of claim 17,wherein said transmitting said plurality of usage statistics comprisesencrypted, compressed transmission.
 19. The method of claim 14, whereinsaid transmitting said plurality of usage statistics occurs via an HTTPSconnection.
 20. The method of claim 14, wherein said plurality of usagestatistics comprises: a record of email messages sent from said mobiledevice or received by said mobile device; a record of text messages sentfrom said device or received by said mobile device; a record of dataplan usage; and a record of voice plan usage.